Costs and Benefits of Energy and Major Natural Resources Extractive Industrial Operations on Communities: Spotlight on Host Communities Development Regime in Nigeria’s Petroleum Industry Act, 2021

Landmark studies and follow-up scholarly researches, as well practical evidences around the globe on energy major natural resources extractive industrial operations (EIOs), such petroleum (oil gas) other mining mineral EIOs, are consistently demonstrating that EIOs inhibit sustainable development (SD). Conversely, findings of foremost their measures, regarding globe, revealing these may contribute to SD. In words, SD when they implemented well, in conformity with international benchmarked standards practices. case, advantageous nooks crannies world, executed a way occasions socio-economic advancement host countries, including resource-rich areas countries. circumstances, be considered have been ways preserve rights members public, especially those adversely affected directly by projects, communities, benefits derived from projects directed towards overall public good On this note, developing through environmental governance, generic governance good. Considering foregoing negative impacts possible positive contributions study will explore costs direct negatively impacted communities Nigeria, framework country’s Petroleum Industry Act, 2021, concerning thereby arrive at appropriate findings.